In order to use remote sensing images to extract quickly and accurately the vector information of sea-enclosed aquaculture, some scattered enclosed sea cucumber aquaculture areas such as aquaculture water bodies, dams and nursery rooms are selected as the study area. According to the spectral characteristics of Sentinel-2 remote sensing images in the study area, three kinds of water body indices, including Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) and Enhanced Water Index (EWI), are selected and used to carry out the information extraction experiments respectively. The extraction accuracy of each method is then verified by using the high spatial resolution GF-2 satellite image in the same period as the reference. The results of accuracy evaluation show that comparing with MNDWI and EWI, the classification accuracy is higher and the information extraction effect can be better by using NDWI, indicating that the water body index method can play a data-supporting role in the dynamic monitoring and planning management of aquaculture areas.